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NEW QUESTION # 79
Which of the Mowing Is commonly used by a test manager to identity risks'
- A. Record/playback test automation tools
- B. Function points within the software
- C. Experience with similar projects
- D. Lines of code in the system under test
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Common Risk Identification Techniques:
* A test manager often relies on experience with similar projects to foresee risks related to technical complexity, domain challenges, or previous defects.
* Other options listed are less effective for comprehensive risk identification.
* Evaluation of Options:
* A(Lines of code) andB(Function points) are quantitative measures, not directly tied to risk identification.
* Cis correct as past experience is crucial for identifying risks early.
* D(Record/playback tools) is irrelevant to risk analysis.
References and Syllabus Alignment:
* Risk identification techniques are discussed under "Risk Management" (TM-1.3.1).
NEW QUESTION # 80
You are managing the test team that is testing a new mobile application that provides a "step-by-step' hiking guide Your risk assessment resulted in the following table:
Your team has clone the depth and breadth testing for the GPS accuracy and usability features but when the product was given to beta testers there were some issues Despite the users reporting the app was easy to use at least one user walked off the edge of a cliff and another one ended up in a river. Your team has confirmed that the functionality is working correctly. and the GPS information is accurate.
What other area of testing should you now prioritize?
- A. Usability
- B. Security
- C. Functionality
- D. Performance
Answer: A
Explanation:
Analysis of the Situation:
The GPS accuracy and functionality have been confirmed to work correctly as per depth and breadth testing.
Despite this, users experienced severe issues such as walking off a cliff or into a river. These incidents point to usability problems related to user interpretation of the GPS data and system feedback.
Testing Prioritization:
Usability testing evaluates how effectively and safely users interact with the application. Here, it should focus on improving user guidance, error prevention, and alerts.
Functionality and Performance are not the problem since they passed testing.
Security is unrelated to the specific reported issues.
Reference and Syllabus Alignment:
This aligns with usability-focused risk mitigation strategies in the ISTQB Advanced Test Management syllabus under "Test Process" and "Test Techniques" (TM-1.3.4).
NEW QUESTION # 81
Which of the Mowing Is commonly used by a test manager to identity risks'
- A. Record/playback test automation tools
- B. Function points within the software
- C. Experience with similar projects
- D. Lines of code in the system under test
Answer: C
Explanation:
Common Risk Identification Techniques:
A test manager often relies on experience with similar projects to foresee risks related to technical complexity, domain challenges, or previous defects.
Other options listed are less effective for comprehensive risk identification.
Evaluation of Options:
A (Lines of code) and B (Function points) are quantitative measures, not directly tied to risk identification.
C is correct as past experience is crucial for identifying risks early.
D (Record/playback tools) is irrelevant to risk analysis.
Reference and Syllabus Alignment:
Risk identification techniques are discussed under "Risk Management" (TM-1.3.1).
NEW QUESTION # 82
Your testing team has just received the test conditions for a new project. You are conducting Test Design activities for this project. Your team feels that it would be beneficial to create high-level test cases.
What should they do concurrently with creating these test cases? [2]
- A. Create the test plan.
- B. Create the test automation scripts.
- C. Create the traceability between the test cases and the requirements.
- D. Create the test summary report for the test cases you are creating.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is D. Create the traceability between the test cases and the requirements. This is because traceability is the ability to follow the life of a requirement, in both a forward and backward direction, through its documentation, development, and testing. Traceability can help to ensure that the test cases are derived from the requirements, and that they cover all the relevant aspects of the system. By creating the traceability between the test cases and the requirements concurrently with creating the test cases, the test team can improve the quality and completeness of the test design, and facilitate the test analysis and reporting. Traceability Matrix - ISTQB not-for-profit association Reference: Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Manager (CTAL-TM) - ISTQB not-for-profit association, ISTQB Test Manager Certification - ISTQB Exams Worldwide - ISTQB Official Registration, Traceability Matrix - ISTQB not-for-profit association
NEW QUESTION # 83
Which of the following is a factor that is likely to increase the test estimate? [1]
- A. Assigned personnel who are experienced on working with similar projects in similar environments
- B. Static test data
- C. Use of a new technology
- D. A requirement for high level test documentation
Answer: C
Explanation:
A test estimate is an approximation of the amount of effort, time, and resources required to perform testing activities for a software project1. A test estimate can be influenced by various factors, such as the size, complexity, and quality of the software, the scope, objectives, and approach of the testing, the skills, experience, and availability of the test team, the tools, methods, and standards used for testing, and the constraints, risks, and assumptions related to the project2. One of the factors that is likely to increase the test estimate is the use of a new technology. A new technology is a technology that is unfamiliar or unproven to the test team or the organization, such as a new programming language, framework, platform, or tool3. The use of a new technology can increase the test estimate because it may require more time and effort to learn, understand, and apply the technology, as well as to deal with potential issues, challenges, or limitations that may arise from the technology. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. Option B is incorrect because a requirement for high level test documentation is not a factor that is likely to increase the test estimate, but rather a factor that is likely to increase the test documentation effort. Test documentation is the set of documents that describe the test basis, test objectives, test design, test procedures, test results, and test evaluation of a software project. A requirement for high level test documentation means that the test documents need to be detailed, comprehensive, and consistent, which may require more time and effort to produce, review, and maintain. However, this does not necessarily affect the test estimate, as the test documentation effort can be considered as a separate or parallel activity to the test execution effort. Option C is incorrect because assigned personnel who are experienced on working with similar projects in similar environments isnot a factor that is likely to increase the test estimate, but rather a factor that is likely to decrease the test estimate. Experienced personnel are personnel who have the relevant knowledge, skills, and abilities to perform the testing activities for a software project. Assigned personnel who are experienced on working with similar projects in similar environments can decrease the test estimate because they may require less time and effort to understand, design, implement, and execute the tests, as well as to deal with potential issues, challenges, or limitations that may arise from the project. Option D is incorrect because static test data is not a factor that is likely to increase the test estimate, but rather a factor that is likely to decrease the test estimate. Test data is the data that is used as input or output for the tests. Static test data is test data that is fixed and predefined, and does not change during the test execution. Static test data can decrease the test estimate because it may require less time and effort to create, manage, and maintain, as well as to ensure the validity, reliability, and traceability of the test data. References: 1: ISTQB Glossary, Test Estimate 2: ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 3.1.1 3: What is New Technology? - Definition from Techopedia : The Impact of New Technologies on Software Testing : ISTQB Glossary, Test Documentation :
ISTQB Glossary, Experienced-Based Test Technique : ISTQB Glossary, Test Data : ISTQB Glossary, Static Test Data : Test Manager - ISTQB not-for-profit association : [ISTQB Foundation Level #38 - Test Estimation Techniques - Software Testing Mentor] : [What are the estimation techniques in software testing?]
NEW QUESTION # 84
Which of the following BEST explains how test process improvement can benefit an organisation? SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. It can reduce the demand for test resources to support maintenance releases.
- B. It can result in defect free releases into production
- C. It can prevent developers making errors when writing code.
- D. It can increase the number of applicants for job vacancies.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 85
When, at a minimum, should project risks be re-evaluated?
- A. During the creation of the test plan
- B. At major project milestones
- C. At the beginning of the test execution phase
- D. Prior to test case creation
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 86
Which of the following Is considered a heavyweight risk-based testing technique'
- A. Pragmatic risk analysts
- B. Brainstorming
- C. Systematic software testing
- D. Hazard analysis
Answer: D
Explanation:
Context Analysis:
Heavyweight risk-based techniques involve thorough, detailed analyses to identify and mitigate potential risks comprehensively.
Hazard analysis is a structured method to identify and address risks, commonly used in safety-critical domains.
Evaluation of Options:
A . Systematic software testing:
Incorrect. While methodical, it is not inherently a risk-based technique.
B . Pragmatic risk analysis:
Incorrect. This is a lightweight technique emphasizing practical application over detailed analysis.
C . Brainstorming:
Incorrect. While useful for generating ideas, it is not detailed enough to qualify as heavyweight.
D . Hazard analysis:
Correct. It is a formal and comprehensive approach, qualifying as a heavyweight technique.
Syllabus Alignment:
ISTQB highlights hazard analysis as a detailed, structured risk-based technique (TM-1.3.4).
Reference:
ISTQB Advanced Level Test Management Syllabus (TM-1.3.4)
NEW QUESTION # 87
As test manager, you need to determine if there are likely to be new security risks arising from proposed changes to an in-house purchasing application. You invite a security testing consultant, who is external to the organisation, to assess the changes and provide you with their written report of perceived security risks.
Which risk identification technique are you using?
- A. Brainstorming
- B. Expert interview
- C. Risk workshop
- D. Independent assessment
Answer: D
Explanation:
The method described is anindependent assessment, which refers to usingexternal expertsto review and provide objective analysis, especially useful for specific areas like security. This is consistent with directed test strategies in which guidance is sought from domain experts .
NEW QUESTION # 88
Refer to SCENARIO 2 - You have been tasked with recruiting testers for Project 3 to help design and run regression tests, you have been provided with a skills matrix for four prospective candidates. The matrix shows the skill level (High or Low) for each candidate:
Which candidate would be the MOST suitable for a test analyst role on Project 3?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. George.
- B. Bob.
- C. Lydia
- D. Harry.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 89
Comparing TMMi and TPI, which is not a valid reason for choosing either TPI or TMMi? 2 credits
- A. If the scope of test performance improvement covers all test levels, TMMi is preferred since TPI focusses mainly on black-box testing.
- B. TPI is much more a bottom-up model that is suitable for addressing test topics for a specific (test) project.
- C. TMMi can only be used with the traditional V model,whereas TPI can be used with all types of software life cycles.
- D. If the organization is already applying CMMI, TMMi may be preferred since it has the same structure and uses the same terminology. TMMi addresses management commitment very strongly and is therefore more suitable to support a top-down improvement process.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 90
Which four combinations of stages and activities correctly characterise the lifecycle of a tool?
Stages:
* Evolution
* Retirement
* Support and maintenance
* Acquisition
Activities:
a) Data must be preserved and/or archived
b) Vendor decisions can require changes to the tool
c) Decisions are made about where work products will be stored
d) Decisions on backup and restoration of artefacts are required
- A. 1b, 2d, 3d, 4a
- B. 1d, 2a, 3c, 4d
- C. 1b, 2a, 3d, 4c
- D. 1a, 2d, 3b, 4c
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Evolution: Vendor decisions can affect tool evolution # 1b
* Retirement: Involves archiving data # 2a
* Support & Maintenance: Backup/restoration plans are crucial # 3d
* Acquisition: Requires storing decisions for traceability # 4c
Reference:ISTQB-CTFL_Syllabus_2018_V3.1, section 6.1 and 6.2 on tool lifecycle and selection
NEW QUESTION # 91
Your application development team is performing "test-driven" development. This is a core principal of which software development model?
- A. Iterative
- B. Spiral
- C. Agile
- D. Sequential
Answer: C
Explanation:
Test-driven development (TDD) is a core principle of Agile software development. In TDD, test cases are created before the code is written, and the code is developed to pass these tests. This approach emphasizes requirements and solutions evolving through collaborative effort and is a key practice in Agile methodologies12.
References:The Agile Alliance describes TDD as a style of programming tightly interwoven with coding, testing, and design, which is a fundamental aspect of Agile development3. Wikipedia also notes that TDD is related to the test-first programming concepts of extreme programming, an Agile methodology This is because test-driven development (TDD) is a style of programming in which coding, testing, and design are tightly interwoven. TDD is a core principle of agile software development, which is an iterative and adaptive approach that values customer collaboration, working software, and responding to change. Agile Alliance References: Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Manager (CTAL-TM) - ISTQB not-for-profit association, ISTQB Test Manager Certification - ISTQB Exams Worldwide - ISTQB Official Registration, What is Test Driven Development (TDD)? | Agile Alliance
NEW QUESTION # 92
Which of the following organizational structures would be considered unorthodox?
- A. DBAs confirm the referential integrity of the database and developers complete their unit testing before handing over to external organization for system testing
- B. Developers within the same team unit test each others' code prior to handing over to a separate testing team for system testing
- C. Developers and testers are integrated within the same project team, each role focusing on a different level of testing
- D. After developers are done unit testing, business analysts alpha test the system before handing over to a separate testing team for system testing
Answer: D
Explanation:
The unorthodox structure mentioned in option C involves business analysts performing alpha testing.
Typically, alpha testing is conducted by internal staff or a team close to the development environment,not specifically by business analysts. This step is unusual as business analysts are generally responsible for requirements analysis and ensuring that the developed system meets business needs, rather than conducting alpha testing, which is more focused on identifying bugs and issues from a user's perspective.
References:
ISTQB Glossary, Distributed Testing
ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 3.2.1
Related literature on testing roles and responsibilities
NEW QUESTION # 93
You are the Test Manager for a software house (SoftTech), who provide a core banking product to retail banks around the world to enable their customers to process payments via the Internet and telephone banking.
Your current project is to integrate SoftTech's core banking product with Welsh Bank's existing bank systems. However, Welsh Bank's systems are maintained by experienced developers and are poorly documented.
Welsh Bank has stated that this project must comply with Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) regulatory banking standards.
A specification for the 10 interfaces to Welsh Bank's existing systems has been produced by SoftTech's development team.
You have been asked to plan and conduct reviews for the system integration and support documentation of all the systems. Which of the following is the BEST approach for this project?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Conduct a management review to assess progress of the integration features.
- B. Conduct Inspections to verify that all documentation conforms to a set standard.
- C. Conduct an audit to verify that all test deliverables have been produced and signed off.
- D. Conduct an informal review of the integration documentation before the systems are integrated.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 94
Your organization has decided to augment your testing team with an offshore team. The offshore team members are experienced testers who are experts in the domain of the system under test Your team is worried about the offshore team taking their jobs and they are resistant to the change You need to pick three of your team members to be the ambassadors for the new team Which competences will be most important for your ambassadors to possess?
- A. Social competence and personal competence
- B. Professional competence and methodological competence
- C. Personal competence and professional competence
- D. Methodological competence and social competence
Answer: A
Explanation:
Scenario Analysis:
The testing team is being augmented with an offshore team, creating potential friction and resistance due to concerns about job security.
The ambassadors' role is critical to ensure smooth collaboration and to address the concerns of the existing team while fostering trust and communication with the offshore team.
Correct Option Justification:
Option C (Social competence and personal competence):
Social competence ensures that ambassadors can effectively communicate, build trust, and resolve conflicts between the onshore and offshore teams. This is essential for fostering collaboration and mitigating resistance.
Personal competence focuses on self-awareness, adaptability, and emotional intelligence, which are crucial for managing their team's concerns and acting as role models for positive behavior during the transition.
Together, these competences address the interpersonal dynamics and morale issues inherent in such a situation.
Option A (Professional competence and methodological competence):
While valuable in other contexts, technical and methodological skills are secondary in this situation. The ambassadors' primary role is to facilitate collaboration, not to focus on domain expertise or process methodologies.
Option B (Methodological competence and social competence):
Methodological competence (e.g., understanding tools and processes) is less critical here than personal competence, as the challenge is more about team dynamics and less about technical execution.
Option D (Personal competence and professional competence):
Professional competence (e.g., domain expertise) is not the priority in addressing team resistance or fostering offshore collaboration. Social competence is more crucial to building relationships and trust.
Key Competence Emphasis:
The ISTQB Advanced Test Management syllabus highlights the importance of social and interpersonal skills in managing stakeholder relationships, team dynamics, and cross-functional collaborations (TM-3.1.5).
Syllabus Reference:
The syllabus emphasizes the importance of team management and addressing concerns during organizational changes. Ambassadors need to focus on team integration, cultural adaptation, and resolving resistance to change.
Exam Structure Reference:
This question aligns with K2 (understanding) in the ISTQB Advanced Test Management exam, focusing on understanding the roles and skills necessary for successful team collaboration and management.
NEW QUESTION # 95
Since the system is in the medical domain and therefore in the safety critical area, testing needs to be rigorous and evidence is required that the system has been adequately tested. Identify THREE measures that would typically be part of the test approach in this domain and which are not always applicable in other domains! 1 credit
- A. Non-functional testing
- B. Traceability to requirements
- C. Reviews
- D. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) sessions
- E. Master test planning
- F. Test design techniques
- G. High level of documentation
Answer: B,D,G
NEW QUESTION # 96
Which of the following is a benefit of independent testing? 1 credit
- A. Independent testers find different defects and are unbiased.
- B. Testing is isolated from development.
- C. Code cannot be released into production until independent testing is complete.
- D. Developers do not have to take as much responsibility for quality.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Topic 8, Scenario 8, V2 "Test Proems Improvement'
You have raised the issue that improving the testing process is also dependent on the status of the software development process.
NEW QUESTION # 97
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