Updated Feb 21, 2026 CMMC-CCP Exam Dumps - PDF Questions and Testing Engine
New (2026) Cyber AB CMMC-CCP Exam Dumps
Cyber AB CMMC-CCP Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 29
A contractor stores security policies, system configuration files, and audit logs in a centralized file repository for later review. According to CMMC terminology, the file repository is being used to:
- A. protect CUI.
- B. transmit CUI.
- C. generate CUI
- D. store CUI.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 30
In preparation for a CMMC Level 1 Self-Assessment, the IT manager for a DIB organization is documenting asset types in the company's SSP The manager determines that identified machine controllers and assembly machines should be documented as Specialized Assets. Which type of Specialized Assets has the manager identified and documented?
- A. loT
- B. Operational technology
- C. Test equipment
- D. Restricted IS
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 31
The Audit and Accountability (AU) domain has practices in:
- A. Level 2.
- B. Levels 1 and 3.
- C. Levels 1 and 2.
- D. Level 1.
Answer: A
Explanation:
TheAudit and Accountability (AU) domainis one of the14 familiesof security requirements inNIST SP 800-
171 Rev. 2, which is fully adopted byCMMC 2.0 Level 2.
* A. Level 1#Incorrect
* CMMCLevel 1only includes17 basic FAR 52.204-21 safeguarding requirementsand does not coverAudit and Accountability (AU)practices.
* B. Level 2#Correct
* TheAU domain is required at Level 2, which aligns withNIST SP 800-171.
* CMMC 2.0 Level 2includes110 security controls, among whichAU-related controlsfocus on logging, monitoring, and accountability.
* C. Levels 1 and 2#Incorrect
* Level 1 does not requireaudit and accountability practices.
* D. Levels 1 and 3#Incorrect
* CMMC 2.0 only has Levels 1, 2, and 3, andAU is present in Level 2, making Level 3 irrelevant for this answer.
* NIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2 (Audit and Accountability - Family 3.3)
* TheAU domainconsists of security controls3.3.1 - 3.3.8, focusing on audit log generation, retention, and accountability.
* CMMC 2.0 Level 2 Practices (Aligned with NIST SP 800-171)
* AU practices (Audit and Accountability) are only required at Level 2.
Analysis of the Given Options:Official References Supporting the Correct Answer:Conclusion:TheAU domain applies only to CMMC 2.0 Level 2, making the correct answer:
#B. Level 2.
NEW QUESTION # 32
Regarding the Risk Assessment (RA) domain, what should an OSC periodically assess?
- A. Organizational operations, organizational assets, and individuals
- B. Organizational operations, business assets, and employees
- C. Organizational operations, business processes, and employees
- D. Organizational operations, organizational processes, and individuals
Answer: A
Explanation:
TheRisk Assessment (RA) domainaligns withNIST SP 800-171 control family 3.11 (Risk Assessment)and is designed to help organizationsidentify, assess, and manage cybersecurity risksthat could impact their operations.
TheRA.3.144 practice(which is a CMMC Level 2 requirement) explicitly states:
"Periodically assess therisktoorganizational operations (including mission, functions, image, or reputation), organizational assets, and individualsresulting from the operation of organizational systems and the associated processing, storage, or transmission of CUI." This means that OSCs (Organizations Seeking Certification) should regularly evaluate risks to:
#Organizational operations(e.g., mission, business continuity, functions)
#Organizational assets(e.g., data, IT systems, intellectual property)
#Individuals(e.g., employees, contractors, customers affected by security risks) Thus, the correct answer isC. Organizational operations, organizational assets, and individuals.
* A. Organizational operations, business assets, and employees#Incorrect."Business assets"is not the correct terminology used in CMMC/NIST SP 800-171. Instead,"organizational assets"is the proper term.
* B. Organizational operations, business processes, and employees#Incorrect."Business processes"is not a part of the formal risk assessment requirement. The correct scope includesorganizational assetsandindividuals, not just processes.
* D. Organizational operations, organizational processes, and individuals#Incorrect. While processes are important,organizational assetsmust be considered in the assessment, not just processes.
Why the Other Answers Are Incorrect
* CMMC 2.0 Model (Level 2 - RA.3.144)- Specifies that risk assessments must coverorganizational operations, organizational assets, and individuals.
* NIST SP 800-171 (3.11.1)- Reinforces the same risk assessment scope.
CMMC Official ReferencesThus,option C (Organizational operations, organizational assets, and individuals) is the correct answerbased on official CMMC risk assessment requirements.
NEW QUESTION # 33
As defined in the CMMC-AB Code of Professional Conduct, what term describes any contract between two legal entities?
- A. Union
- B. Agreement
- C. Accord
- D. Alliance
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 34
Who is responsible for identifying and verifying Assessment Team Member qualifications?
- A. CMMC Marketplace
- B. CMMC-AB
- C. C3PAO
- D. Lead Assessor
Answer: D
Explanation:
Understanding the Role of the Lead Assessor in CMMC AssessmentsTheLead Assessoris responsible for managing theAssessment Teamand ensuring that all team members meet the required qualifications as defined by theCMMC Accreditation Body (CMMC-AB)and theCybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) Assessment Process (CAP) Guide.
Lead Assessor's Key Responsibilities (Per CAP Guide)
Verify team member qualificationsto ensure compliance with CMMC-AB guidelines.
Assignappropriate assessment tasksbased on team members' expertise.
Ensure that theassessment is conducted in accordance with CMMC procedures.
Why Not the Other Options?
A). C3PAO (Certified Third-Party Assessor Organization)#Incorrect
AC3PAOis responsible fororganizing assessmentsand ensuring their execution, but itdoes not verify individual team member qualifications-that responsibility belongs to theLead Assessor.
B). CMMC-AB (CMMC Accreditation Body)#Incorrect
TheCMMC-ABestablishestraining and certification requirements, but itdoes not verify individual assessment team members-that responsibility is given to theLead Assessor.
D). CMMC Marketplace#Incorrect
TheCMMC Marketplacelists authorizedC3PAOs, Registered Practitioners (RPs), and Certified Professionals (CCPs)butdoes not verify assessment team qualifications.
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide- Defines theLead Assessor's responsibilityfor verifying assessment team qualifications.
CMMC-AB Certification Guide- Specifies that the Lead Assessor must ensure all assessment team members meet CMMC-AB qualification standards.
Why the Correct Answer is "C. Lead Assessor"?Relevant CMMC 2.0 References:Final Justification:Since theLead Assessor is responsible for verifying assessment team member qualifications, the correct answer isC.
Lead Assessor.
NEW QUESTION # 35
An assessor has been working with an OSC's point of contact to plan and prepare for their upcoming assessment. What is one of the MOST important things to remember when analyzing requirements for an assessment?
- A. There is a determined amount of time that the OSC's point of contact has to submit evidence and rough order-of-magnitude.
- B. Assessors need to continuously review and update the requirements and plan for the assessment as information is gathered.
- C. Scoping an assessment is easy and worry-free.
- D. The initial plan cannot be changed once agreed upon.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Planning and preparing for aCMMC assessmentinvolves collaboration between theassessorand theOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC)to determine scope, required evidence, and logistics. This planning process isdynamicand must adapt as new information emerges.
* Assessment Scope and Requirements May Change
* As assessors gather evidence and analyze the environment,new details about assets, networks, and security controlsmay require adjustments to the assessment plan.
* TheCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guideemphasizes that assessmentrequirements and scope should be continuously reviewed and updatedto reflect real-time findings.
* Assessors Follow an Adaptive Approach
* DuringCMMC assessments, organizations may discover additionalFCI or CUI assets, which can change the required security practices to be evaluated.
* Assessors shouldrevise the assessment approach accordinglyrather than strictly following an initial, unchangeable plan.
* A. Scoping an assessment is easy and worry-free#Incorrect
* Scoping is acritical and complex processthat requires careful evaluation of the OSC's information systems and assets.
* CMMC Scoping Guidestates thatidentifying in-scope assets is crucial and requires significant effort.
* B. The initial plan cannot be changed once agreed upon#Incorrect
* Theinitial assessment plan is a starting point, butit must be flexiblebased on real-time findings.
* CMMC CAP Guideemphasizescontinuous refinementduring the assessment process.
* C. There is a determined amount of time that the OSC's point of contact has to submit evidence and rough order-of-magnitude#Incorrect
* While there aretimelines, the key focus is ensuring thatall necessary evidence is gathered accuratelyrather than rushing to meet a strict deadline.
* CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide- States that assessment requirements and planning should be updated as additional information is gathered.
* CMMC Scoping Guide (Nov 2021)- Explains that assessors must continually refinein-scope assets and requirementsthroughout the process.
Why the Correct Answer is "D"?Why Not the Other Options?Relevant CMMC 2.0 References:Final Justification:Assessment planning is a dynamic process.Assessors must continuously review and update the requirements and planas new information emerges, makingDthe correct answer.
NEW QUESTION # 36
CMMC scoping covers the CUI environment encompassing the systems, applications, and services that focus on where CUI is:
- A. entered, edited, manipulated, printed, and viewed.
- B. received and transferred.
- C. stored, processed, and transmitted.
- D. located on electronic media, on system component memory, and on paper.
Answer: C
Explanation:
TheCMMC Scoping Guide for Level 2outlines thatCUI assetsinclude systems, applications, and services thatstore, process, or transmitControlled Unclassified Information (CUI). These are the three core functions that defineCUI handlingwithin anOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC).
Step-by-Step Breakdown:#1. CUI Assets Defined in CMMC
* Stored:CUI is saved on hard drives, cloud storage, or databases.
* Processed:CUI is actively used, modified, or analyzed by applications and users.
* Transmitted:CUI is sent between systems via email, file transfers, or network communication.
#2. Why the Other Answer Choices Are Incorrect:
* (A) Received and transferred#
* Whilereceiving and transferring CUIis part of handling CUI, it does not fully cover all CUI asset responsibilities.
* (C) Entered, edited, manipulated, printed, and viewed#
* These arespecific actionswithinprocessingbut do not coverstorage or transmission, which are also required for CMMC scoping.
* (D) Located on electronic media, on system component memory, and on paper#
* While CUI can exist inelectronic and physical forms, CMMC scoping focuses onhow CUI is actively managed (stored, processed, transmitted)rather than where it physically resides.
* TheCMMC Level 2 Scoping Guideconfirms thatCUI Assets are categorized based on their role in storing, processing, or transmitting CUI.
* NIST SP 800-171also defines these three functions as key components of CUI protection.
Final Validation from CMMC Documentation:
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which document is the BEST source for determining the sources of evidence for a given practice?
- A. CMMC Assessment Guide
- B. CMMC Assessment Scope
- C. NISTSP 800-53A
- D. NISTSP 800-53
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 38
Which statement is NOT a measure to determine if collected evidence is sufficient?
- A. Evidence covers the sampled organization
- B. Evidence corresponds to the sampled organization in the evidence collection approach
- C. Evidence covers the model scope of the Assessment (Target CMMC Level)
- D. Evidence is not required if the practice is ISO certified
Answer: D
Explanation:
The CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) requires that sufficient evidence must:
* Cover the sampled organization,
* Cover the defined model scope of the assessment (Target CMMC Level), and
* Correspond to the evidence collection approach.
Evidence is always required, even if the organization holds other certifications such as ISO. External certifications cannot replace CMMC evidence requirements. Thus, the statement that "Evidence is not required if the practice is ISO certified" is not valid.
Reference Documents:
* CMMC Assessment Process (CAP), v1.0
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which statement BEST describes a LTP?
- A. May market itself as a CMMC-AB Licensed Provider for testing
- B. Delivers training using some CMMC body of knowledge objectives
- C. Creates DoD-licensed training
- D. Instructs a curriculum approved by CMMC-AB
Answer: D
Explanation:
Understanding Licensed Training Providers (LTPs) in CMMCALicensed Training Provider (LTP)is an entity that is authorized by theCybersecurity Maturity Model Certification Accreditation Body (CMMC-AB) todeliver CMMC trainingbased on anapproved curriculum.
Provides CMMC-AB-approved training programsfor individuals seeking CMMC certifications.
Uses an official CMMC curriculumthat aligns with theCMMC Body of Knowledge (BoK)and other CMMC- AB guidance.
Prepares students for CMMC roles, such asCertified CMMC Assessors (CCA) and Certified CMMC Professionals (CCP).
Key Responsibilities of an LTP:
A). Creates DoD-licensed training # Incorrect
TheCMMC-AB, not the DoD, manages LTP licensing. LTPsdo not create new training contentbut mustfollow an approved curriculum.
B). Instructs a curriculum approved by CMMC-AB # Correct
LTPsteacha curriculum that has beenapproved by the CMMC-AB, ensuring consistency in CMMC training.
C). May market itself as a CMMC-AB Licensed Provider for testing # Incorrect LTPs provide training, not testing. Testing is handled byLicensed Partner Publishers (LPPs)and exam bodies.
D). Delivers training using some CMMC body of knowledge objectives # Incorrect LTPs mustfully adhereto theCMMC-AB-approved curriculum, not just "some" objectives.
Why is the Correct Answer "Instructs a curriculum approved by CMMC-AB" (B)?
CMMC-AB Licensed Training Provider (LTP) Program Guidelines
Defines LTPs as entities thatdeliver CMMC-AB-approved training programs.
CMMC Body of Knowledge (BoK)
Specifies that training must follow theCMMC-AB-approved curriculumto ensure standardization.
CMMC-AB Training & Certification Framework
Requires LTPs todeliver structured training that meets CMMC-AB guidelines.
CMMC 2.0 References Supporting This Answer
Final Answer #B. Instructs a curriculum approved by CMMC-AB
NEW QUESTION # 40
Within the CMMC Ecosystem which organization ultimately will manage and oversee the training, testing, authorization, and certification of candidate assessors and instructors?
- A. DoDOUSD
- B. Committee on National Security Systems Instructions
- C. CMMC Assessors and Instructors Certification Organization
- D. DIB Collaborative Information Sharing Environment
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 41
Which code or clause requires that a contractor is meeting the basic safeguarding requirements for FCI during a Level 1 Self-Assessment?
- A. DFARS 252.204-7011
- B. DFARS 252.204-7021
- C. 22CFR 120-130
- D. FAR 52.204-21
Answer: D
Explanation:
1. Understanding Basic Safeguarding Requirements for FCI in CMMC Level 1
* Federal Contract Information (FCI) is defined as information provided by or generated for the government under a contract that isnot intended for public release.
* CMMCLevel 1is designed to ensurebasic safeguardingof FCI, aligning with15 security requirementsfound inFAR 52.204-21 (Basic Safeguarding of Covered Contractor Information Systems).
* Contractors handlingonly FCImust meetCMMC Level 1, which alignsdirectlywith the safeguarding requirements set inFAR 52.204-21.
2. FAR 52.204-21 and Its Role in CMMC Level 1 Compliance
* FAR 52.204-21establishes the baseline cybersecurity controls that contractors must implement to protectFCI.
* The15 basic safeguarding requirementsinclude:
* Limiting information accessto authorized users.
* Identifying and authenticating usersbefore allowing system access.
* Protecting transmitted FCIfrom unauthorized disclosure.
* Monitoring and controlling connectionsto external systems.
* Applying boundary protectionand cybersecurity measures.
* Sanitizing mediabefore disposal.
* Updating security configurationsto reduce vulnerabilities.
* Providing physical securityprotections.
* Controlling physical accessto systems that process FCI.
* Enforcing multi-factor authentication (MFA) where applicable.
* Patching vulnerabilitiesin software and hardware.
* Limiting the use of removable media.
* Creating and retaining system audit logs.
* Performing risk-based security assessments.
* Developing an incident response plan.
These 15 practices form thefoundationof CMMCLevel 1 Self-Assessment, ensuring contractorsmeet minimum cybersecurity expectationsfor handling FCI.
3. Why the Other Options Are Incorrect
* B. 22 CFR 120-130:
* This refers toInternational Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), which controls the export of defense-related articles and services,notFCI safeguarding requirements.
* C. DFARS 252.204-7011:
* This clause refers toalternative line item structuresand does not pertain to cybersecurity or safeguarding FCI.
* D. DFARS 252.204-7021:
* This clause enforcesCMMC requirementsbut doesnot definebasic safeguarding controls. It requires compliance with CMMC but does not specify the foundational requirements (which come fromFAR 52.204-21for Level 1).
4. Official CMMC 2.0 Reference & Study Guide Alignment
* TheCMMC 2.0 model documentationconfirms that Level 1 is focused on the15 practices from FAR
52.204-21.
* TheDoD's official CMMC Assessment Guidefor Level 1 explicitly states that meeting FAR 52.204-21 is therequirement for passing a Level 1 Self-Assessment.
* TheCMMC 2.0 Scoping Guideclarifies that contractors handling onlyFCIand seekingLevel 1 certificationmust implementonly FAR 52.204-21security controls.
Final Confirmation:The correct answer isA. FAR 52.204-21, as it directly governs the basic safeguarding ofFCIand is the foundational requirement for aLevel 1 Self-Assessmentin CMMC 2.0.
NEW QUESTION # 42
In the Code of Professional Conduct, what does the practice of Professionalism require?
- A. Do not make assertions about assessment outcomes.
- B. Ensure the security of all information discovered or received.
- C. Do not copy materials without permission to do so.
- D. Refrain from dishonesty in all dealings regarding CMMC.
Answer: D
Explanation:
What Does the Practice of Professionalism Require in the CMMC Code of Professional Conduct?TheCMMC Code of Professional Conduct (CoPC)sets ethical and professional standards forCertified CMMC Assessors (CCAs) and Certified CMMC Professionals (CCPs).Professionalismrequireshonesty and integrity in all CMMC-related activities.
Step-by-Step Breakdown:#1. Professionalism Requires Ethical Behavior
* TheCoPC states that professionalismincludes:
* Acting with integrityin all assessment-related activities.
* Providing truthful and objective assessmentsof cybersecurity practices.
* Avoiding deceptive or misleading claimsabout assessments or compliance.
#2. Why the Other Answer Choices Are Incorrect:
* (A) Do not copy materials without permission to do so#
* This falls underIntellectual Property (IP) protection, notProfessionalism.
* (B) Do not make assertions about assessment outcomes#
* Assessorsmustprovide findings based on evidence. The rule is aboutnot making false or misleading claims, not about avoiding assertions altogether.
* (D) Ensure the security of all information discovered or received#
* This falls underConfidentiality, notProfessionalism.
* TheCMMC Code of Professional Conduct (CoPC)definesProfessionalism as requiring honesty and integrityin allCMMC-related activities.
Final Validation from CMMC Documentation:Thus, the correct answer is:
#C. Refrain from dishonesty in all dealings regarding CMMC.
NEW QUESTION # 43
On a Level 2 Assessment Team, what are the roles of the CCP and the CCA?
- A. The CCP leads the Level 2 Assessment Team, which can include a CCA. regardless of citizenship.
- B. The CCA leads the Level 2 Assessment Team, which can include a CCP regardless of citizenship.
- C. The CCA leads the Level 2 Assessment Team, which can include 3 CCP with US Citizenship.
- D. The CCP leads the Level 2 Assessment Team, which consists of one or more CCAs.
Answer: B
Explanation:
* CCP (Certified CMMC Professional):
* Entry-level certification in the CMMC ecosystem.
* Supports assessment activities under the supervision of a CCA.
* May assist in consulting roles outside of formal assessments.
* CCA (Certified CMMC Assessor):
* Certified tolead assessmentsunder the CMMC model.
* Requiredfor conductingLevel 2 formal assessments.
* Can be part of a C3PAO assessment team or lead it.
Step 1: Define Roles - CCP and CCASource: CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0, Section 2.3 - Assessment Team Composition
"Level 2 assessments must be led by a Certified CMMC Assessor (CCA), who may be supported by one or more CCPs."
#Step 2: Citizenship RequirementsCAP v1.0 - Appendix B: Team Composition and Clearance Requirements
"All team members performing Level 2 assessments must be U.S. citizens when handling CUI, regardless of role." But forsupporting team members who do not handle CUIor inFCI-only scoping, there is no automatic exclusion based on citizenship.
So:
* TheCCA leadsthe team.
* CCPs can be team membersregardless of citizenship,unless restricted by contract or CUI handling needs.
* A. The CCP leads the Level 2 Assessment Team...# Incorrect. CCPscannot leadLevel 2 assessments.
* B. The CCA leads... includes 3 CCP with US Citizenship.# Incorrect. Citizenship is requiredonly when handling CUI, not a universal requirement.
* D. The CCP leads...# Again, CCPs donot have the authority to leadformal CMMC assessments.
#Why the Other Options Are Incorrect
Only aCertified CMMC Assessor (CCA)may lead aLevel 2 Assessment Team, and theymay include CCPs, evennon-U.S. citizens, if citizenship is not a requirement based on contractual or data sensitivity scope.
NEW QUESTION # 44
How are the Final Recommended Assessment Findings BEST presented?
- A. Using a C3PAO-provided template that is preferred by the OSC
- B. Using a C3PAO-branded version of the CMMC Findings Brief template
- C. Using the CMMC Findings Brief template
- D. Using the proprietary template created by the Lead Assessor after approval from the C3PAO
Answer: C
Explanation:
In the Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) assessment process, the presentation of the Final Recommended Assessment Findings is a critical step. According to the CMMC Assessment Process guidelines, the Lead Assessor is responsible for compiling and presenting these findings. The prescribed method for this presentation is the utilization of the standardized CMMC Findings Brief template.
Step-by-Step Explanation:
* Responsibility of the Lead Assessor:
* The Lead Assessor oversees the assessment process and is tasked with compiling the Final Recommended Assessment Findings.
* Utilization of the CMMC Findings Brief Template:
* To ensure consistency and adherence to CMMC standards, the Lead Assessor must use the official CMMC Findings Brief template when presenting the assessment findings.
* Presentation of Findings:
* The findings, documented in the CMMC Findings Brief template, are then presented to the Organization Seeking Certification (OSC). This presentation ensures that the OSC receives a clear and standardized report of the assessment outcomes.
References:
CMMC Assessment Process documentation emphasizes the requirement for the Lead Assessor to use the CMMC Findings Brief template for presenting Final Recommended Assessment Findings.
Cyberab
By adhering to this standardized approach, the assessment process maintains uniformity, ensuring that all findings are communicated effectively and in alignment with CMMC guidelines.
NEW QUESTION # 45
An Assessment Team is conducting interviews with team members about their roles and responsibilities. The team member responsible for maintaining the antivirus program knows that it was deployed but has very little knowledge on how it works. Is this adequate for the practice?
- A. Yes, the antivirus program is available, so it is sufficient.
- B. No, the team member must know how the antivirus program is deployed and maintained.
- C. Yes, antivirus programs are automated to run independently.
- D. No, the team member's interview answers about deployment and maintenance are insufficient.
Answer: B
Explanation:
For a practice to beadequately implementedin aCMMC Level 2 assessment, theresponsible personnel must demonstrate knowledge of deployment, maintenance, and operationof security tools such asantivirus programs. Simply having the tool in place isnot sufficient-there must be evidence that it isproperly configured, updated, and monitoredto protect against threats.
Step-by-Step Breakdown:#1. Relevant CMMC and NIST SP 800-171 Requirements CMMC Level 2 aligns with NIST SP 800-171, which includes:
Requirement 3.14.5 (System and Information Integrity - SI-3):
"Employautomatedmechanisms toidentify, report, and correctsystem flaws in a timely manner." Requirement 3.14.6 (SI-3(2)):
"Employautomated toolsto detect and prevent malware execution."
These requirements imply that theperson responsible for antivirus must understand how it is deployed and maintainedto ensure compliance.
#2. Why the Team Member's Knowledge is Insufficient
Antivirus tools requireregular updates,configuration adjustments, andmonitoringto function properly.
The responsible team member must:
Knowhow the antivirus was deployedacross systems.
Be able toconfirm updates, logs, and alerts are monitored.
Understand how torespond to malware detectionsand failures.
If the team member lacks this knowledge, assessors maydetermine the practice is not fully implemented.
#3. Why the Other Answer Choices Are Incorrect:
(A) Yes, the antivirus program is available, so it is sufficient.#
Incorrect:Just having antivirus softwareinstalleddoes not prove compliance. It must bemanaged and maintained.
(B) Yes, antivirus programs are automated to run independently.#
Incorrect:While automation helps, security toolsrequire oversight, updates, and configuration.
(D) No, the team member's interview answers about deployment and maintenance are insufficient.# Partially correct but incomplete:Themain issueis that the team membermust have sufficient knowledge, not just that their answers are weak.
Final Validation from CMMC Documentation:TheCMMC Assessment Guide for SI-3 and SI-3(2)states that personnel mustunderstand the function, deployment, and maintenance of security toolsto ensure proper implementation.
Thus, the correct answer is:
NEW QUESTION # 46
In scoping a CMMC Level 1 Self-Assessment, all of the computers and digital assets that handle FCI are identified. A file cabinet that contains paper FCI is also identified. What can this file cabinet BEST be determined to be?
- A. In scope, because it is part of the same physical location
- B. Out of scope, because they are all only paper documents
- C. Out of scope, because it does not process or transmit FCI
- D. In scope, because it is an asset that stores FCI
Answer: C
Explanation:
Does a File Cabinet Containing Paper FCI Fall Within CMMC Scope?CMMConly applies to digital systems and assetsthatprocess, store, or transmitFederal Contract Information (FCI)andControlled Unclassified Information (CUI).Physical storage (such as paper documents) is not included in CMMC scoping.
Step-by-Step Breakdown:#1. CMMC Scope Covers Only Digital Systems and Assets According to theCMMC Scoping Guide (Level 1),only digital assetsthat handleFCIarein scopefor aLevel 1 Self-Assessment.
Afile cabinetisnot a digital system; therefore, it isnot in scopefor CMMC compliance.
#2. Why the Other Answer Choices Are Incorrect:
(A) In scope, because it is an asset that stores FCI#
Incorrect:While the file cabinetdoes store FCI,CMMC only applies to digital systems.
(B) In scope, because it is part of the same physical location#
Incorrect:CMMCdoes notconsiderphysical proximitywhen determining scope-only digital data handling matters.
(D) Out of scope, because it does not process or transmit FCI#
Partially correct, but incomplete: Themain reasonit is out of scope is that itcontains only paper documents, not that it doesn't process/transmit data.
TheCMMC Level 1 Scoping Guideexplicitly states thatpaper-based storage of FCI does not fall within scope.
Final Validation from CMMC Documentation:Thus, the correct answer is:
#C. Out of scope, because they are all only paper documents.
NEW QUESTION # 47
A Level 2 Assessment of an OSC is winding down and the final results are being prepared to present to the OSC. When should the final results be delivered to the OSC?
- A. Either at the final Daily Checkpoint, or during a separately scheduled findings and recommendation review
- B. Daily and during a final separately scheduled review
- C. Either after approval from the C3PAO. or during a separately scheduled final recommended findings review
- D. At the end of every day of the assessment
Answer: A
Explanation:
Understanding the Reporting Process in a CMMC 2.0 Level 2 AssessmentACMMC Level 2 Assessmentconducted by aCertified Third-Party Assessor Organization (C3PAO)follows a structured approach to gathering evidence, evaluating compliance, and reporting findings to theOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC). The reporting process is outlined in theCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide, which specifies how findings should be communicated.
Daily Checkpoints:
Throughout the assessment, the assessor team holdsdaily checkpoint meetingswith the OSC to provide updates on progress, observations, and preliminary findings.
These checkpoints help ensure transparency and allow the OSC to address minor issues as they arise.
Final Results Delivery:
Thefinal assessment resultsare typically shared during thefinal daily checkpointOR in aseparately scheduled findings and recommendations reviewmeeting.
This ensures that the OSC receives a structured and complete summary of the assessment findings before the official report is submitted.
TheCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide, Section 4.5clearly states that assessment findings should be presentedeither at the last daily checkpoint or during a separately scheduled final review.
This aligns with best practices formaintaining transparency and ensuring the OSC has clarity on their assessment resultsbefore the final report submission.
Option A (End of every day)is incorrect because while assessors do provide updates, they do not deliver the
"final results" daily.
Option B (Daily and a separate final review)is misleading, as the CAP Guide allows assessors tochoosebetween the final daily checkpoint OR a separate findings review-not both.
Option D (After C3PAO approval)is incorrect because theC3PAO does not approve findings before they are communicated to the OSC. The assessment team directly presents the results first.
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide, Section 4.5: Reporting and Findings Communication CMMC 2.0 Level 2 Assessment Process Overview CMMC Assessment Final Report Guidelines Assessment Communication StructureWhy Option C is CorrectOfficial CMMC Documentation ReferencesFinal VerificationBased on officialCMMC 2.0 documentation, thefinal assessment results should be presented to the OSC either at the last daily checkpoint or in a separately scheduled review session, making Option C the correct answer.
NEW QUESTION # 48
Which words summarize categories of data disposal described in the NIST SP 800-88 Revision 1. Guidelines for Media Sanitation?
- A. Clear, overwrite, destroy
- B. Clear, purge, destroy
- C. Clear redact, destroy
- D. Clear, overwrite, purge
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 49
An assessment is being conducted at a remote client site. For the duration of the assessment, the client has provided a designated hoteling space in their secure facility which consists of a desk with access to a shared printer. After noticing that the desk does not lock, a locked cabinet is requested but the client does not have one available. At the end of the day, the client provides a printout copy of an important network diagram. The diagram is clearly marked and contains CUI. What should be done NEXT to protect the document?
- A. Put it in the unlocked desk drawer for review the following morning.
- B. Leave it on the desk for review the following day.
- C. Take a picture with the personal phone before securely shredding it.
- D. Take it with them to review in the evening.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Understanding CUI Handling and Storage RequirementsControlled Unclassified Information (CUI) must beprotected from unauthorized access and properly storedperCMMC 2.0 Level 2 requirementsandNIST SP
800-171 controls. Key requirements include:
* NIST SP 800-171 (Requirement 3.8.3)- CUI must bephysically protectedwhen not in use.
* NIST SP 800-171 (Requirement 3.1.3)- CUI access should berestricted to authorized personnel only.
* DoD CUI Program Guidance- Ifproper storage (e.g., locked cabinets or controlled access areas) is unavailable, CUI should be returned to an authorized individual or secure facility.
* A. Take it with them to review in the evening # Incorrect
* CUI should never be removed from a secure facility unless explicitly authorizedand handled in accordance with security policies (e.g., encrypted electronic transport, secure physical storage).
* B. Leave it on the desk for review the following day # Incorrect
* Leaving CUI unattendedon an open desk violatesCUI physical protection requirements.
* C. Put it in the unlocked desk drawer for review the following morning # Incorrect
* Anunlocked drawer does not meet CUI physical security storage requirements.
* D. Take a picture with the personal phone before securely shredding it # Incorrect
* Storing CUI on an unauthorized personal device is a serious security violationandunauthorized reproduction of CUI is prohibited.
Why None of the Provided Answers Are Fully Correct
What Should Be Done Instead?#Return the document to the client for secure storage.
* Since nosecure storage optionis available, thedocument must be returnedto the client, who should store it in anapproved secure location (e.g., a locked cabinet or classified storage area).
* Theassessment team should not retain CUI unless they have an approved method of safeguarding it.
* NIST SP 800-171 (Requirement 3.8.3 - Media Protection)
* RequiresCUI to be physically securedwhen not in use.
* DFARS 252.204-7012 (Safeguarding Covered Defense Information and Cyber Incident Reporting)
* Establishes CUIstorage and handling protections.
* CMMC 2.0 Level 2 (Advanced) Requirements
* Requires organizations toimplement physical security controlsto protect CUI.
* DoD CUI Program Guidelines
* Clearly state thatCUI must be stored in locked cabinets or controlled-access areaswhen not actively in use.
CMMC 2.0 References Supporting This Answer:
Final Answer:#None of the provided answers fully comply with CUI protection requirements.Thebest course of action is to return the document to the client for secure storage.
NEW QUESTION # 50
A contractor has implemented IA.L2-3.5.3: Multifactor Authentication practice for their privileged users, however, during the assessment it was discovered that the OSC's standard users do not require MFA to access their endpoints and network resources. What would be the BEST finding?
- A. The process is running correctly.
- B. The new acquisition is considered Specialized Assets.
- C. Practice is NOT MET since the objective was not implemented.
- D. It is out of scope as this is a new acquisition.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Understanding IA.L2-3.5.3: Multifactor Authentication (MFA) RequirementTheIA.L2-3.5.3practice, derived fromNIST SP 800-171 (Requirement 3.5.3), requires thatmultifactor authentication (MFA) be implemented for both privileged and standard userswhen accessing:
#Organizational endpoints(e.g., laptops, desktops, mobile devices).
#Network resources(e.g., VPNs, internal systems).
#Cloud services containing Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI).
Key Requirement for a "MET" RatingFor IA.L2-3.5.3 to beMet, the organization must:
Require MFA for all privileged users(e.g., system administrators).
Require MFA for standard users accessing endpoints and network resources.
Implement MFA across all relevant systems.
Sincestandard users do not require MFA in the OSC's current implementation, the practiceis not fully implementedand must be ratedNOT MET.
A). The process is running correctly # Incorrect
MFA isonly applied to privileged users, but it isalso required for standard users. The process isnot fully implemented.
B). It is out of scope as this is a new acquisition # Incorrect
New acquisitionsmust still meet MFA requirementsif they handle CUI or network access.
C). The new acquisition is considered Specialized Assets # Incorrect
Specialized assets (e.g., IoT, legacy systems) may have alternative security controls, but standard users and endpointsmust still comply with MFA.
D). Practice is NOT MET since the objective was not implemented # Correct MFA must be enabled for both privileged and standard usersaccessing endpoints and network resources.
Since standard users are excluded, the practice isNOT MET.
Why is the Correct Answer "D" (Practice is NOT MET since the objective was not implemented)?
CMMC 2.0 Level 2 (Advanced) Requirements
Specifies thatMFA must be applied to all users accessing CUI and network resources.
NIST SP 800-171 (Requirement 3.5.3 - MFA Implementation)
Requires MFA forall user types, including privileged and standard users.
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document
States that a practicemust be fully implemented to be considered MET. Partial implementation meansNOT MET.
CMMC 2.0 References Supporting This Answer.
NEW QUESTION # 51
The practices in CMMC Level 2 consists of the security requirements specified in:
- A. NISTSP 800-53.
- B. DFARS 252.204-7012.
- C. 48 CFR 52.204-21.
- D. NISTSP 800-171.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) Level 2 is designed to ensure that organizations can adequately protect Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI). To achieve this, CMMC Level 2 incorporates specific security requirements.
Step-by-Step Explanation:
* Alignment with NIST SP 800-171:
* CMMC Level 2 aligns directly with the security requirements outlined in the National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 800-171 (NIST SP 800-171). This publication, titled "Protecting Controlled Unclassified Information in Nonfederal Systems and Organizations," provides a comprehensive framework for safeguarding CUI.
* Incorporation of Security Requirements:
* The practices required for CMMC Level 2 certification encompass all 110 security requirements specified in NIST SP 800-171. These requirements are organized into 14 families, each addressing different aspects of cybersecurity, such as access control, incident response, and risk assessment.
* Purpose of Alignment:
* By integrating the NIST SP 800-171 requirements, CMMC Level 2 aims to standardize the implementation of cybersecurity practices across organizations handling CUI, ensuring a consistent and robust approach to protecting sensitive information.
References:
CMMC Model Overview Version 2.13, which details the incorporation of NIST SP 800-171 requirements into CMMC Level 2 practices.
Dodcio
This alignment underscores the importance of adhering to established federal guidelines to maintain the security and integrity of CUI within nonfederal systems.
NEW QUESTION # 52
In many organizations, the protection of FCI includes devices that are used to scan physical documentation into digital form and print physical copies of digital FCI. What technical control can be used to limit multi- function device (MFD) access to only the systems authorized to access the MFD?
- A. Documentation showing MFD configuration
- B. Single administrative account
- C. Virtual LAN restrictions
- D. Access lists only known to the IT administrator
Answer: C
Explanation:
Understanding Multi-Function Device (MFD) Security in CMMCMulti-function devices (MFDs), such asscanners, printers, and copiers,process, store, and transmit FCI, making them apotential attack surfacefor unauthorized access.
Thebest technical controlto limit MFD access to only authorized systems isVirtual LAN (VLAN) restrictions, whichsegment and isolate network traffic.
VLAN Restrictions Provide Network Segmentation
VLANsisolate the MFDfrom unauthorized systems, ensuringonly approved devicescan communicate with it.
Prevents unauthorized network access bylimiting connectionsto specific IPs or subnets.
Meets CMMC 2.0 Network Security Controls
Aligns withCMMC System and Communications Protection (SC) Practicesfor network segmentation and access control.
Reducesthe risk of unauthorized access to scanned and printed FCI.
B). Single administrative account#Incorrect
Asingle admin accountdoes not restrict accessbetween devices, only controlswho can configurethe MFD.
C). Documentation showing MFD configuration#Incorrect
Documentation helps with compliance butdoes not actively restrict access.
D). Access lists only known to the IT administrator#Incorrect
Access lists should besystem-enforced, not just "known" to the administrator.
CMMC Practice SC.3.192 (Network Segmentation)- Requires restricting access usingnetwork segmentation techniques such as VLANs.
NIST SP 800-171 (SC Family)- Supportsisolation of sensitive devicesusing VLANs and other segmentation controls.
Why the Correct Answer is "A. Virtual LAN (VLAN) Restrictions"?Why Not the Other Options?Relevant CMMC 2.0 References:Final Justification:SinceVirtual LAN (VLAN) restrictions enforce access control at the network level, the correct answer isA. Virtual LAN (VLAN) restrictions.
NEW QUESTION # 53
How does the CMMC define a practice?
- A. An activity or activities performed to meet defined CMMC objectives
- B. A condition arrived at by experience or exercise
- C. A series of changes taking place in a defined manner
- D. A business transaction
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 54
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