Exam Code: AZ-400
Exam Name: Designing and Implementing Microsoft DevOps Solutions
Certification Provider: Microsoft
Corresponding Certification: Microsoft Azure

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Key Exam Details

Before you take Microsoft AZ-400, the very first thing that you need to know is that the duration of this exam is 150 minutes. Each candidate will have to answer 40 to 60 questions within this period, so it is important to make sure that you keep track of time. The minimum passing score for this test is 700 out of 1000. The exam voucher costs $165 and the registration process should be done via the Pearson VUE platform. You can take this certification test in the Korean, Simplified Chinese, Japanese, or English languages.

Microsoft AZ-400 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details	Weights
Develop a Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) strategy	- Develop an actionable alerting strategy identify and recommend metrics on which to base alerts implement alerts using appropriate metrics implement alerts based on appropriate log messages implement alerts based on application health checks analyze combinations of metrics develop communication mechanism to notify users of degraded systems implement alerts for self-healing activities (e.g., scaling, failovers) - Design a failure prediction strategy analyze behavior of system with regards to load and failure conditions calculate when a system will fail under various conditions measure baseline metrics for system Leverage Application Insights Smart Detection and Dynamic thresholds in Azure Monitor - Design and implement a health check analyze system dependencies to determine which dependency should be included in health check calculate healthy response timeouts based on SLO for the service design approach for partial health situations design approach for piecemeal recovery (e.g., to improve recovery time objective strategies) integrate health check with compute environment implement different types of health checks (container liveness, startup, shutdown)	5-10%
Define and implement a continuous delivery and release management strategy	- Develop deployment scripts and templates recommend a deployment solution (e.g., GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, Jenkins, CircleCI, etc.) design and implement Infrastructure as code (ARM, Terraform, PowerShell, CLI) develop application deployment process (container, binary, scripts) develop database deployment process (migrations, data movement, ETL) integrate configuration management as part of the release process develop complex deployments (IoT, Azure IoT Edge, mobile, App Center, DR, multi-region, CDN, sovereign cloud, Azure Stack, etc.) - Implement an orchestration automation solution combine release targets depending on release deliverable (e.g., Infrastructure, code,assets, etc.) design the release pipeline to ensure reliable order of dependency deployments organize shared release configurations and process (YAML templates, variable groups, Azure App Configuration) design and implement release gates and approval processes - Plan the deployment environment strategy design a release strategy (blue/green, canary, ring) implement the release strategy (using deployment slots, load balancer configurations, Azure Traffic Manager, feature toggle, etc.) select the appropriate desired state solution for a deployment environment (PowerShell DSC, Chef, Puppet, etc.) plan for minimizing downtime during deployments (VIP Swap, Load balancer, rolling deployments, etc.) design a hotfix path plan for responding to high priority code fixes	10-15%
Develop an Instrumentation Strategy	- Design and implement logging assess and Configure a log framework design a log aggregation and storage strategy (e.g., Azure storage) design a log aggregation and query strategy (e.g., Azure Monitor, Splunk) manage access control to logs (workspace-centric/resource-centric) integrate crash analytics (App Center Crashes, Crashlytics) - Design and implement telemetry design and implement distributed tracing inspect application performance indicators inspect infrastructure performance indicators define and measure key metrics (CPU, memory, disk, network) implement alerts on key metrics (email, SMS, webhooks, Teams/Slack) integrate user analytics (e.g., Application Insights funnels, Visual Studio App Center, TestFlight, Google Analytics) - Integrate logging and monitoring solutions configure and integrate container monitoring (Azure Monitor, Prometheus, etc.) configure and integrate with monitoring tools (Azure Monitor Application Insights, Dynatrace, New Relic, Naggios, Zabbix) create feedback loop from platform monitoring tools (e.g., Azure Diagnostics extension, Log Analytics agent, Azure Platform Logs, Event Grid) manage Access control to the monitoring platform	5-10%
Develop a security and compliance plan	- Design an authentication and authorization strategy design an access solution (Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM), Azure AD Conditional Access, MFA, Azure AD B2B, etc.) implement Service Principals and Managed Identity design an application access solution using Azure AD B2C configure service connections - Design a sensitive information management strategy evaluate and configure vault solution (Azure Key Vault, Hashicorp Vault) manage security certificates design a secrets storage and retrieval strategy (KeyVault secrets, GitHub secrets, Azure Pipelines secrets) formulate a plan for deploying secret files as part of a release - Develop security and compliance automate dependencies scanning for security (container scanning, OWASP) automate dependencies scanning for compliance (licenses: MIT, GPL) assess and report risks design a source code compliance solution (e.g., GitHub Code scanning, GitHub Secretscanning, pipeline-based scans, Git hooks, SonarQube, Dependabot,etc.) - Design governance enforcement mechanisms implement Azure policies to enforce organizational requirements implement container scanning (e.g., static scanning, malware, crypto mining) design and implement Azure Container Registry Tasks design break-the-glass strategy for responding to security incidents	10-15%
Define and implement continuous integration	- Design build automation integrate the build pipeline with external tools (e.g., Dependency and security scanning, Code coverage) implement quality gates (e.g., code coverage, internationalization, peer review) design a testing strategy (e.g., integration, load, fuzz, API, chaos) integrate multiple tools (e.g., GitHub Actions, Azure Pipeline, Jenkins) - Design a package management strategy recommend package management tools (e.g., GitHub Packages, Azure Artifacts, Azure Automation Runbooks Gallery, Nuget, Jfrog, Artifactory) design an Azure Artifacts implementation including linked feeds design versioning strategy for code assets (e.g., SemVer, date based) plan for assessing and updating and reporting package dependencies (GitHub Automated Security Updates, NuKeeper, GreenKeeper) design a versioning strategy for packages (e.g., SemVer, date based) design a versioning strategy for deployment artifacts - Design an application infrastructure management strategy assess a configuration management mechanism for application infrastructure define and enforce desired state configuration for environments - Implement a build strategy design and implement build agent infrastructure (include cost, tool selection, licenses, maintainability) develop and implement build trigger rules develop build pipelines design build orchestration (products that are composed of multiple builds) integrate configuration into build process develop complex build scenarios (e.g., containerized agents, hybrid, GPU) - Maintain build strategy monitor pipeline health (failure rate, duration, flaky tests) optimize build (cost, time, performance, reliability) analyze CI load to determine build agent configuration and capacity - Design a process for standardizing builds across organization manage self-hosted build agents (VM templates, containerization, etc.) create reuseable build subsystems (YAML templates, Task Groups, Variable Groups, etc.)	20-25%
Facilitate communication and collaboration	- Communicate deployment and release information with business stakeholders create dashboards combining boards, pipelines (custom dashboards on Azure DevOps) design a cost management communication strategy integrate release pipeline with work item tracking (e.g., AZ DevOps, Jira, ServiceNow) integrate GitHub as repository with Azure Boards communicate user analytics - Generate DevOps process documentation design onboarding process for new employees assess and document external dependencies (e.g., integrations, packages) assess and document artifacts (version, release notes) - Automate communication with team members integrate monitoring tools with communication platforms (e.g., Teams, Slack, dashboards) notify stakeholders about key metrics, alerts, severity using communication and project management platforms (e.g., Email, SMS, Slack, Teams, ServiceNow, etc.) integrate build and release with communication platforms (e.g., build fails, release fails) integrate GitHub pull request approvals via mobile apps	10-15%
Manage source control	- Develop a modern source control strategy integrate/migrate disparate source control systems (e.g., GitHub, Azure Repos) design authentication strategies design approach for managing large binary files (e.g., Git LFS) design approach for cross repository sharing (e.g., Git sub-modules, packages) implement workflow hooks design approach for efficient code reviews (e.g., GitHub code review assignments, schedule reminders, Pull Analytics) - Plan and implement branching strategies for the source code define Pull Requests (PR) guidelines to enforce work item correlation implement branch merging restrictions (e.g., branch policies, branch protections, manual, etc.) define branch strategy (e.g., trunk based, feature branch, release branch, GitHub flow) design and implement a PR workflow (code reviews, approvals) enforce static code analysis for code-quality consistency on PR - Configure repositories configure permissions in the source control repository organize the repository with git-tags plan for handling oversized repositories plan for content recovery in all repository states purge data from source control - Integrate source control with tools integrate GitHub with DevOps pipelines integrate GitHub with identity management solutions (Azure AD) design for GitOps design for ChatOps integrate source control artifacts for human consumption (e.g., Git changelog) integrate GitHub Codespaces	10-15%

Reference: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/credentials/certifications/exams/az-400/

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Microsoft Designing and Implementing Microsoft DevOps Solutions Sample Questions:

Question #1

Task 7
You need to prepare a network security group (NSG) named az400 38443478 nsgl to host an Azure DevOps pipeline agent. The solution must allow only the required outbound port for Azure DevOps and deny all other inbound and outbound access to the Internet See the solution below in explanation.

Reveal Solution Discussion 0

Correct Answer:

To prepare a Network Security Group (NSG) namedaz400-38443478-nsg1for hosting an Azure DevOps pipeline agent, while allowing only the required outbound port for Azure DevOps and denying all other inbound and outbound access to the Internet, follow these steps:
Create the NSG:
Navigate to the Azure Portal.
Go toNetwork Security Groupsand click on+ Create.
Fill in the details, including the nameaz400-38443478-nsg1, and create the NSG.
ConfigureOutbound Security Rules:
Once the NSG is created, go to its settings.
Navigate toOutbound security rules.
Click on+ Addto create a new rule.
Set theDestination port rangesto443, which is the required port for Azure DevOps12.
Set theProtocoltoTCP.
Set theActiontoAllow.
Assign aPrioritynumber (e.g.,100) that does not conflict with existing rules.
Provide a meaningfulNamefor the rule (e.g.,AllowAzureDevOps).
Configure Default Rules to Deny All Other Traffic:
In the sameOutbound security rulessection, edit the default rule to deny alltraffic.
Change theActiontoDenyfor the rule with the lowest priority (highest number).
Ensure that this rule applies to all protocols, source and destination IP ranges, and port ranges.
Associate the NSG with the Appropriate Resource:
Associate the NSGwith the subnet or network interface of the virtual machine or resource where the Azure DevOps pipeline agent will be hosted.
By following these steps, you will ensure that the Azure DevOps pipeline agent can communicate with Azure DevOps services over the required port while blocking all other inbound and outbound Internet access, adhering to the principle of least privilege and security best practices.

Question #2

You have an Azure subscription that uses Azure Boards and Azure Repos.
You have GitHub repositories.
You need to ensure that all activity in the repositories is traced by using Azure Boards. The solution must minimize development effort What should you use?

A. a project backlog
B. Delivery Plans
C. work item linking
D. Application Insights in Azure Monitor

Reveal Solution Discussion 0

Correct Answer: C 🗳️

Question #3

You use GitHob for source control and Microsoft Teams for collaboration.
You need to send a notification to a Teams channel for each commit. The, solution mutt minimi/e development effort.
What should you do?

A. Use the Microsoft Teams for GitHub app and configure a subscription to receive notifications in the Teams channel
B. Use Azure Automation to connect to the GitHub Actions API and send a message to the Teams channel.
C. Use GitHub Actions with a dispatch to send a message to the Teams channel by using the Teams API
D. Use Azure Functions to connect to the GitHub REST API and send a message to the Teams channel.

Reveal Solution Discussion 0

Correct Answer: A 🗳️

Question #4

You have an Azure subscription that contains a resources group named RG1. RG1 contains the following resources:
* Four Azure virtual machines that run Windows Server and have Internet Information Services (IIS) installed
* SQL Server on an Azure virtual machine
* An Azure Load Balancer
You need to deploy an application to the virtual machines in RG1 by using Azure Pipelines.
Which four actions should you perform in sequence? To answer, move the appropriate actions from the List of actions to the answer area and arrange them in the correct order.

Reveal Solution Discussion 0

Correct Answer:

Explanation:

Step 1: Create an agent pool
Azure Pipelines provides a pre-defined agent pool named Azure Pipelines with Microsoft-hosted agents.
Step 2: Create a deployment group
Deployment groups make it easy to define logical groups of target machines for deployment, and install the required agent on each machine.
Step 3: Execute the Azure Pipelines Agent extension to the virtual machines Install the Azure Pipelines Agent Azure VM extension Step 4: Add and configure a deployment group job for the pipeline Tasks that you define in a deployment group job run on some or all of the target servers, depending on the arguments you specify for the tasks and the job itself.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/release/deployment-groups/howto-provision-deployment-group-agents

Question #5

Note: This question is part of a series of questions that present the same scenario. Each question in the series contains a unique solution that might meet the stated goals. Some question sets might have more than one correct solution, while others might not have a correct solution.
After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not appear in the review screen.
You need to recommend an integration strategy for the build process of a Java application. The solution must meet the following requirements:
* The builds must access an on-premises dependency management system.
* The build outputs must be stored as Server artifacts in Azure DevOps.
* The source code must be stored in a Git repository in Azure DevOps.
Solution: Configure the build pipeline to use a Hosted Ubuntu agent pool. Include the Java Tool Installer task in the build pipeline. Does this meet the goal?

A. Yes
B. No

Reveal Solution Discussion 0

Correct Answer: A 🗳️

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